Reverse Osmosis is a technology that is used to remove a large
majority of contaminants from water by pushing the water under pressure through a semi;permeable
membrane. This paper is aimed towards an
audience that has little of no experience with Reverse Osmosis and will attempt
to explain the basics in simple terms that
should leave the reader with a better overall understanding of Reverse Osmosis technology and its applications.
Understanding Reverse Osmosis Reverse osmosis,
commonly referred to as RO, is a process where you demineralize
or deionize water by pushing
it under pressure through
a semi permeable
reverse osmosis membrane.
Osmosis To understand the purpose and process of Reverse Osmosis
you must first understand the naturally occurring
process of Osmosis.
Osmosis is a naturally occurring
phenomenon and one of the most important
processes in nature.
It is a process where a weaker saline
solution will tend to migrate
to a strong
saline solution. Examples
of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys
absorb water from our blood.
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A solution that is less concentrated will have a natural tendency
to migrate to a solution
with a higher
concentration. For example,
if you had a container
full of water with a low salt concentration
and another container
full of water with a high salt concentration and they were separated by
a semi;permeable membrane,
then the water with the lower salt concentration would begin to migrate
towards the water container with the higher
salt concentration.
A semi;permeable membrane
is a
membrane that will
allow some atoms
or molecules to pass but not others.
A simple example
is a screen
door. It allows
air molecules to pass through
but not pests
or anything
larger than the holes in the screen
door. Another example is Gore;tex clothing
fabric that contains
an extremely thin
plastic film into
which billions of small pores
have been cut.
The pores are big enough
to let water
vapor through, but small enough
to prevent liquid
water from passing.
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